Construction of cylinders of internal-combustion engines.



E. W. ROBERTS. GONSTRUCTION 0F CYLINDERS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGiNES.

Patented. Jan; 2

APPLICATION HLEQ DEC-2, 19-!3- EDMUND W. ROBERTS, 0F SANDUSKY, OHIO, ASSIGNOR, BY MESH ASSIGNMENTS, TO

THE ROBERTS 'MOTO'R MANUFACTURING COMZANY, OF SANDUSKY, OHIO, A CORPO- RATIDN 0F QHIO.

GONSTRUCTIGN 0F CYLINDERS 0F INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

intense.

To aZZ whom it may concern Be it known that I, EDMUND W. Bonnn'r's, a. citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Sandusky, in the county of Erie and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Construction of Cylinders of Internal- Combustion-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in the construction of cylinders and water jackets of internal combustion engines, particularly the cylinders of aeronautical enand isshrunk on to the cylinder.

gines and of engines of light weight and high speed generally; and my invention comprises novel construction of cylinder,

wherein the cylinder is surrounded by a cast jacket formed separatelyv from the cylinder itself, and applied. to the cylinder. In practice, the cylinder itsel is usually of cast iron 'or steehand the jacket is of aluminum or aluminum alloy or other very light metal,

The object of my invention is to provide a relatively light jacketed cylinder ha ing ample strength to resist the pressures and other stresses to which it is subjected, and

*' having a wearingsurface of hard and duthe cooling ofthe cylinder.

' on a plane at right rable metal, and having a jacket of light metal, there being ample provision very for I will now proceed to describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, and will then poin t out the novel features in claims.

In the drawings: Figure tudinal section of the cylinder and applied jacket thereof,' and of the upper portion of the piston. Fig. 2 shows a front elevation of the cylinder, the view being taken lo0king from the left of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows a fragmentary vertical section of the cylinder and applied acket, the section'being taken angles to the plane of section of Fig. 1. Fig. 4: shows transverse section of the cylinder and jacket on the line mm 'of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 shows a similar transverse section on the line z y of Fig. 1. Fig". 6 shows a transverse section on the line .22 of Fig. 1, the scale of Fig. 6 being somewhat smaller than that of the previous figures. v

, In the drawings, 1 designates the cylinder proper, customarily formed ofcast iron and Specification of Letters Patent.

l shows a longiprovided at its upper end with two upwardly extending bosses, 2 and 3, the purpose of which will be stated hereinafter.

Patented Jan. 2, 1917. Application filed December 2, 1913. Serial No. 304,191.

This cylinder is intended for two cycle eugines, and hence is provide with ports 4, 5 and 6 in its sides. At its lower end, the cylinder is provided with a projecting flange 7.

8 designates the jacket casting, customarily formed of aluminum pr aluminum alloy. The lower portion 9 of'this jacket casting fits the cylinder 1 closely, while the upper portion 10 of the jacket casting is spaced away from the cylinder 1.so as to provide a water jacket space 11. As indicated particularly in Figs. 3 and 6, this jacket space 11 extends downward along the cylinder to a point well below the exhaust port, 6, and

well below the lower limit of stroke of the piston, thereby insuring adequate cooling of the cylinder.

The jacket casting is provided at itsupper end with apertures to receive the bosses, 2 and 3, of the cylinder, these bosses being threadedv externally. to receive screw nuts 12 and 13, the said screw nuts serving to hold the cylinder and the jacket casting together. The jacket casting 8 is further provided at its lower end with a recess 14' to receive the ring 7 of the cylinder, the said screw nuts serving to draw'thering 7 of the cylinder up against the shoulder 14 of the jacket casting.

15 designates the piston, forms no portion of the invention herein claimed, but is illustrated only in order that the function of various ports of the cylin der and jacket casting may be apparent.-

The piston is provided with a deflector 16 which in itself as is common in two cycle engines. The pi's ton is further provided with a port '17, which registers with the port -5 of thecylinder 1 when the piston is at about the lower I limit of its travel, (the positionin [which the piston is shown in Fig. 1). The jacket casting is provided with'aport- 18 registering with the port 4: of the cylinder,

and is provided with a port 19 registering with the port 5 of the cylinder, these ports 1% and'19 of the jacket casting cone nunicatmg with a recess space 20 provided- 1n the exterior of the jacket castin'g, which recess 20 is closed by a cover plate 21 1), such recess 20 therefore forming: the I I two cycle engines) from port f the cylbination a cylinder proper, having at one 1Q when the piston has uncovered port 4: of and at the other end a shoulder engaging the 7r customary transfer port to convey the gases the cold jacket casting, is avoided, and dancompressed in the crank case of the engine ger of cracking the jacket is obviated.

(such crank case not being shown in the What I claim is:

drawings but being a customary feature of 1. A jacketed cylinder comprising in comindcr and port 19 of the jacket casting to ;.end a projecting bom and at-the other end a port 18 of the jacket casting and port 4 of shoulder, a separately formed jacket fitting the cylinder, when port 17 of the piston over said cylinder and having at one end an registers with port 5 of the cylinder, and aperture through which said boss projects,

"the cylinder. The jacket casting is further said shoulder of said cylinder, said jacket provided w th an exhaust port 22 (Figs. 1 having, near its said shoulder, a long sleeve and 5) registering with the exhaust port 6 portion embracing and fitting tightly a cor- ,jof the cylinder; to which exhaust port 22 responding portion of. said cylinder and "1 5. the usual exhaust ofi'take 23 is connected. forming a tight joint therewith, and secur- As indicated particularly in Figs. 1 and 5, ing means on said boss securingthe cylinder the exhaust port 22 is in two parts, divided and jacket together.

by a bridge of metal 22 in which is located 2. A jacketed cylinder comprising in comduct 24 for the supply of water to the jacket bination a cylinder proper and a separately 20 space 11. In the top of the jacket casting formed jacket fitting thereover, one portion 35 8 there is a water discharge connection25. of said j acket'being double-Walled, with its 7 As indicated particularly in Fig. 1, he inner wall fitting the cylinder closely, anja'cket casting fits the cylinder 1 closely other portion of said jacket being single y from the shoulder 14 which receives the walled, such single-wall-spaced away from shoulder 7 of the cylinder, to a point sufithe cylinder, the space between such singleciently far above the exhaust port 6 and adwalled portion of the jacket and the cylinmission port 41130 insure a good joint which der constituting a jacket space, said single- Will exclude both the charge gases and the walled and double-walled portions of theexhaust gases from the water jacket space jacket being integral.

9 l1. To stiffen the inner wall 26 of the 3. A jacketed cylinder comprisingin com- Jacket casting above the admission and exbination a cylinder proper and a separately ha lSt p s 4: and a number of webs 27 formed jacket fitting thereover, one portion connecting the inner and outer walls oi? theof said jacket being double-walled, with its v 4 jacket casting are provided, near the top of inner wall fitting the cylinder closely, an-

such inner wall 26, as indicated particularly other portion of said jacket being single- 100 nFigs. 1 and 4; spaces 28 being provided walled, such single-wall spaced away from between these webs to connect the upper and the cylinder, the space between such 'singlelower portions of the jacket space 11. By walled portion of the jacket and the cylinthis construction the portion of the jacket der-constituting a jacket space, said jacket I casting which is required to have a close fit space in communication with the s ace bewith the cylinder is so stiffened and strengthtween the walls of the double-walle portion ened that, notwithstanding that such jacket of the jacket, said single-walled and doublecasting is formed ofa relatively soft metal, walled portions of the jacket being integral. such as aluminum,.it is unnecessary to con- 4. A jacketed cylinder comprising in com- 45 tinue the inner wall of the jacket casting, bination a cylinder proper and a jacket fitalong the upper portion of the cylinder 1; ting thereover, one portion of such jacket and. therefore the water in the upper porbeing double-walled and having between its tion of the jacket space 11 is in direct conwalls a jacket space, the inner wall of such tact with the cylinder l itself; for which double-walled portion fitting the cylinder 5 reason, and also because the cylinder 1 may closely, another portion of such'jacket bebe made quite thin, the cooling of thecy lining single-walled, and spaced away from der by the water in the upper ortion of said cylinder, the space between such singlethe jacket space is particularly e cient. wall and the cylinder constituting ajacket In practice, the jacket casting- 8 is bored space, said jacket provided with webs con- 55 out to a diameter very slightly less than the nectingthe inner and outer walls at points external diameter of the cylinder 1, and then near the end of the inner wall of the double: said jacket casting is heated and thereby walled portion of the jacket, said singleexpanded so that its internal diameter is walled and double-walled portions of the greater than the external diameter of. the jacket being integra X cylinder 1. The cylinder 1 is then inserted 5. A jacketed cylinder for two-cycle in and drawn #1101118, and the jacket easting ternal combustion, engines, comprising in allowed 'to cool and shrink. onto' the cylincombination a cylinder proper having in its der: Thereby excessive stress on the metal sides admission and exhaust ports an a sep: of the jacket casting, such as would be cc arately formed jacket fitting over 'said cylincasioned if the cylinder were forced into der and having admission and exhaust ports Y registering With the corresponding ports of spaced away from the cylinder, said singlesaid cylinder, a portion of said jacket being Walled and double-Walled portions of the double-Walled, With its inner Wall fitting the jacket being integral.

cylinder closely,- the said ports of the jacket In testimony whereof i have signed this 5 being located in such double-Walled portion specification in the presence of two subscrib- 15 of the jacket, said double-Walled portion exing Witnesses.

tending beyond the region of said ports a EDMUND W. ROBERTS. distance sufficient to insure a tight joint be- Witnesses: tween the cylinder and jacket, a further por- WILBUR L. BnaHL,

10 tion of said jacket being single-Walled, and Jets Fa FLYNN, Jr 

